Solutions

Where the emissions are, the savings usually are too.

In heavy industry, almost every tonne of CO₂ traces back to energy or a chemical reaction you can influence. These are the levers that matter — grouped by sector, with the reduction and the cost case side by side.

01 · Chemical & process

Chemical & process industry

Energy-intensive, heat-driven and often decades old. The biggest wins come from moving heat smarter and running electrochemistry tighter.

Heat integration (pinch analysis)

Recover heat between hot and cold streams across distillation, evaporation and drying trains before it goes to cooling water. Often the single largest fuel saving in a chemical plant.

Lever: fuel & steam

Electrolyzer & reaction efficiency

Membrane condition, current density and cell voltage decide power draw per tonne in electrochemical plants. Small efficiency gains compound across a cell room.

Lever: Scope 2 power

Waste-heat & hydrogen recovery

Reaction exotherms and by-product hydrogen are free energy if captured — for steam, preheat, or on-site power instead of flaring or venting.

Lever: fuel offset

Utilities: steam, motors, air

Steam-trap surveys, VFDs on pumps and fans, compressed-air leak repair and power-factor correction. Unglamorous, fast payback, quantifiable.

Lever: power & steam

Low-carbon power & feedstock

Renewable PPAs and green-hydrogen feedstock cut the Scope 2 and Scope 1 numbers that compliance actually charges for.

Lever: emission factor

MRV & intensity management

Clean measurement, a defensible emissions baseline and an intensity trajectory that keeps you under your CCTS target — not scrambling at the filing deadline.

Lever: compliance

02 · Steel & metals

Steel & metals

Steel's emissions are dominated by how iron is reduced. The route decides most of the footprint before efficiency even enters the picture.

Route & scrap

Scrap-fed electric arc furnaces emit a fraction of blast-furnace / basic-oxygen steel. Raising scrap share is the highest-leverage single decision most mills have.

Lever: process route

Hydrogen DRI readiness

Direct reduced iron on green hydrogen replaces coking coal as the reductant. Long-horizon, but planning and pilots start now.

Lever: reductant

Reheat furnace & top-gas recovery

Recuperative/regenerative burners, recovered blast-furnace and coke-oven gas, and tuned combustion trim energy per tonne rolled.

Lever: fuel efficiency

CBAM export exposure

Steel is inside the EU CBAM. Exporters need verified embedded-emissions data now, or they pay on default values with a mark-up.

Lever: trade cost

03 · Cement & heavy industry

Cement, lime & heavy industry

Here a large share of CO₂ isn't from fuel at all — it's released chemically when limestone is calcined. That changes the playbook.

Clinker substitution

Replacing clinker with fly ash, slag or calcined clay (LC3) cuts both process and fuel emissions per tonne of cement — the most mature lever in the sector.

Lever: process CO₂

Alternative fuels

Biomass, refuse-derived fuel and other wastes displace coal and petcoke in the kiln, lowering the fuel share of emissions.

Lever: fuel mix

Kiln efficiency & waste-heat power

Preheater/precalciner optimisation plus waste-heat recovery generation turns exhaust heat into on-site electricity.

Lever: energy

Process-CO₂ capture

The calcination CO₂ can't be efficiency'd away — for deep cuts it must eventually be captured. Worth mapping the pathway early.

Lever: residual CO₂

Same levers, different pressure

India and abroad

INDIA

Compliance is now domestic

CCTS intensity targets are live and binding for energy-intensive sectors, tightening each year to 2030.
A coal-heavy grid makes efficiency high-return — every avoided kWh carries more CO₂ than in cleaner grids.
Legacy PAT experience transfers directly into CCTS MRV.
Policy tailwinds for green hydrogen and rooftop/utility solar.

ABROAD

Export exposure & buyer pressure

CBAM prices the carbon in steel, aluminium, cement, fertiliser, electricity and hydrogen sold into the EU.
Verified emissions data beats paying on marked-up default values.
Corporate buyers increasingly demand Scope 3 supplier data (SBTi, CDP).
Voluntary and Article 6 markets for credible reductions.